Iikhreyini eziphezu komhlabazizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, uthutho, kunye nolwakhiwo, apho uyilo lwe-single-girder kunye ne-double-girder zezona ntlobo zimbini zixhaphakileyo. Ukukhetha oluchanekileyo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle, ukhuseleko, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko ixesha elide.
1. Iimfuno zoMthamo woMthwalo
Umthamo womthwalo yeyona nto iphambili ekukhetheni iikreyini.
IiKreni Ezihamba Ngaphakathi EzineGirder Eyodwa: Ngokwesiqhelo zenzelwe imithwalo elula ukuya kwephakathi, zihlala ziqala kwiitoni eziyi-0.5 ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-20. Ulwakhiwo lwazo olulula luthintela amandla okuthwala imithwalo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zingafaneleki kwimisebenzi enzima.
IiKreni ezisebenzisa imijikelo emibini: Ziyaphumelela kwiimeko zomthwalo onzima, kwaye umthamo wazo uhlala ufikelela kwiitoni ezi-5 ukuya kwiitoni ezingaphezu kwama-500. Ulwakhiwo lwemijikelo emibini lusasaza ubunzima ngokulinganayo, lubonelela ngozinzo oluphezulu kunye nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo kwimveliso enzima okanye ekuphathweni kwemithwalo yezibuko.
2. Ubunzima beSakhiwo kunye neemfuno zeNdawo
Umahluko kwisakhiwo uchaphazela ukufakwa, ukugcinwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwendawo.
IiKreyini zeSingle-Girder: Zine-beam enye ephambili exhaswa ziilori zokugqibela. Zinoyilo oluncinci, azidingi ndlu incinci (indawo ethe nkqo) kunye nobubanzi bespan, kwaye kulula ukuzifaka nokuzilungisa. Isakhiwo esenziwe lula sikwanciphisa isidingo sokuqinisa isiseko esintsonkothileyo.
IiKreyini zeGirder ezimbini: Zenziwe ngeebhari ezimbini eziphambili ezihambelanayo, apho i-hoist (indlela yokuphakamisa) ihlala isebenza phakathi kweebhari. Olu yilo lufuna indawo engaphezulu kunye nendawo ethe tye. Ukufakelwa kubandakanya ukulungelelaniswa okuntsonkothileyo kweebhari ezimbini, kwaye ukugcinwa kunokufuna ukufikelela kwindawo ephakathi kweebhari, nto leyo eyandisa ubunzima bokusebenza.
3. Imeko zokusetyenziswa kunye nemijikelo yomsebenzi
Indlela ekucetywayo yokusetyenziswa kunye nesantya sokusebenza (umjikelo womsebenzi) zichonga ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwekreyini olufaneleka kakhulu.
Iikhreyini ezineGirder enye: Zilungele imijikelo yomsebenzi ephantsi ukuya kwephakathi (umz., iiklasi zomsebenzi A3-A5 ngokwemigangatho ye-ISO). Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka iiworkshop ezincinci, ii-warehouses, kunye nemigca yokuhlanganisa imisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa izinto ezincinci, ukupakisha, okanye ukuhlanganisa okulula—apho imithwalo ilula kwaye imisebenzi ingaqhubeki.
IiKreyini zeGirder eziBini: Zilungele imijikelo enzima (iiklasi zomsebenzi A6-A8) kunye neendawo ezinzima. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zokugaya isinyithi (zokuphakamisa isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo), ukwenziwa koomatshini abanzima (ukuhlanganisa izixhobo ezinkulu), kunye neendawo zokungenisa izikhongozeli (zokulayisha/ukukhulula izikhongozeli ezinzima). Ulwakhiwo lwazo oluqinileyo lumelana nokusetyenziswa rhoqo, okuqhubekayo kunye neemeko ezinzima ezifana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye uthuli.
4. Iingqwalasela zeendleko
Iindleko ziquka utyalo-mali lokuqala, iindleko zokusebenza, kunye nokugcinwa.
Iikhrayini ezineGirder enye: Zineendleko eziphantsi zokuthenga nokufakela ekuqaleni ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo esilula. Iindleko zokulungisa nazo ziphantsi, njengoko zimbalwa izinto ezifuna ukuhlolwa okanye ukutshintshwa. Ziyindlela efanelekileyo yokukhetha amashishini anebhajethi encinci kunye neemfuno zomthwalo olula.
IiKreyini zeDual-Girder: Zibandakanya iindleko zokuqala eziphezulu, kubandakanya ukwenziwa, ukufakelwa, kunye nokuqinisa isiseko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqina kwazo kunye nomthamo ophezulu womthwalo kunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi kwimisebenzi enzima, okukhokelela kwimbuyekezo engcono yexesha elide kutyalo-mali (ROI) kumashishini aneemfuno eziqhubekayo zomthwalo onzima. Iindleko zokugcinwa ziphezulu kodwa zichanekile bubomi bazo benkonzo ende kunye nokuthembeka.
5. Isishwankathelo samanyathelo okukhetha
Chaza iiMfuno zoMthwalo: Qinisekisa ukuba umthwalo ophezulu, umthwalo ophakathi, kunye nokuphakama kokuphakamisa okufunekayo—oku kunciphisa ukuba i-single-girder (≤20 tons) okanye i-double-girder (>20 tons) inokwenzeka.
Vavanya Indawo Yomsebenzi kunye noMjikelo Womsebenzi: Ukuba imisebenzi iyaqhubeka, inzima, okanye ikwimeko ezinzima, kukhethwa i-crane ene-girder ephindwe kabini; xa isetyenziswa kancinci, i-crane ene-girder enye yanele.
Vavanya Imiqobo Yendawo: Jonga indawo yokulala efumanekayo kunye nobubanzi bespan—iikhreyini ezinegirder enye zingcono kwiindawo ezixineneyo, ngelixa iikhreyini ezinegirder ezimbini zifuna indawo engakumbi.
Hlalutya iindleko xa kuthelekiswa ne-ROI: Kwiimfuno zokusetyenziswa kancinci kwexesha elifutshane, khetha i-crane ene-girder enye ukuze wonge iindleko; kwimisebenzi enzima yexesha elide, tyala imali kwi-crane ene-girder ephindwe kabini ukuze ufumane ukuthembeka okungcono kunye ne-ROI engcono.
Ukuqukumbela, akukho sisombululo "esifanela bonke". Ukhetho luxhomekeke kuvavanyo olupheleleyo lomthwalo, indawo, usetyenziso, kunye neendleko. Ukubonisana nabavelisi beekhreyini okanye iinjineli ukuze benze uhlalutyo olukhethekileyo lwendawo kunokuqinisekisa ngakumbi ukuba ikhreyini ekhethiweyo iyahlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-11-2025