Ukwakha ibhulorho ngumsebenzi omkhulu ofuna ucwangciso olucokisekileyo, abasebenzi abanezakhono, kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo. Ukususela kumanqanaba okuqala okwakha ukuya kutsho ekugqibeleni, ukuba nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuze kugqitywe ngempumelelo iprojekthi yebhulorho. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola izixhobo ezibalulekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezifunekayo ekwakheni ibhulorho, sigxile kwizisombululo ezintsha ezibonelelwa ngokuqalisa abavelisi be-gantry crane kunye nababoneleli be-beam launcher crane.
Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekwakheni ibhulorho kukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezifana neekhreyini ze-gantry zokuqalisa kunye neekhreyini ze-beam launcher. Ezi matshini zinzima zenzelwe ukusingatha ubunzima obukhulu kunye nobukhulu bezinto zebhulorho, nto leyo ezenza zibe yimfuneko kwinkqubo yokwakha. Ikhreyini ye-gantry yokuqalisa, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-launching girder, yikhreyini ye-gantry ekhethekileyo esetyenziselwa ukumisa iindawo zebhulorho ezicwangcisiweyo. Ezi khreyini zenzelwe ukuhamba ecaleni kwedekhi yebhulorho, okuvumela ukubekwa ngokuchanekileyo kweendawo ngexesha lokwakhiwa. Umenzi wekhreyini ye-gantry yokuqalisa odumileyo unokubonelela ngezisombululo ezenzelwe wena ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zeprojekthi yebhulorho, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwakha.
Ngokufanayo,iikreni zokuqalisa umqadizidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwakhiweni kwebhulorho ngokwenza kube lula ukufakwa kwemiqadi yebhulorho. Ezi khreyini zenzelwe ukuphakamisa nokubeka imiqadi enzima ngokuchanekileyo, okuvumela ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwezakhiwo zebhulorho. Njengomthengisi ophambili wekhreyini yokuqalisa imiqadi, kubalulekile ukubonelela ngezixhobo ezinokuthenjwa nezisebenza kakuhle ezihlangabezana neemfuno zeeprojekthi zokwakha iibhulorho zanamhlanje. Ngeempawu eziphambili ezifana nee-telescopic booms, iinkqubo ze-hydraulic, kunye neendlela zokulawula ezichanekileyo, iikhreyini zokuqalisa imiqadi zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo kunye nobude bexesha lebhulorho.
Ukongeza kwiikhreyini ezikhethekileyo, kufuneka uluhlu olubanzi lwezinye izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokwakha ibhulorho. Izixhobo zokuxuba ikonkrithi, iimpompo, kunye nee-vibrators zibalulekile ekubunjweni nasekubekweni kwekonkrithi, nto leyo eyenza isiseko kunye nezinto zokwakha ibhulorho. Izixhobo zokumba, ii-bulldozer, kunye nee-graders zisetyenziselwa ukulungiselela indawo, ukuhambisa umhlaba, kunye nokubeka umgangatho, ukuqinisekisa umhlaba ozinzileyo nothe tyaba wokwakhiwa kwebhulorho. Ngaphezu koko, izixhobo zokumba, izixhobo zokuqhuba iipali, kunye nezixhobo zokukhupha iipali zibalulekile kumsebenzi wesiseko, zibonelela ngenkxaso efunekayo kwisakhiwo sebhulorho.
Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuhlola nokulinganisa eziphambili, ezifana nezikhululo ezipheleleyo, amanqanaba e-laser, kunye nezixhobo ze-GPS, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukulungelelaniswa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuphakama kwezixhobo zebhulorho. Itekhnoloji yamva nje, efana nesoftware ye-Building Information Modeling (BIM) kunye nezixhobo zolawulo lweprojekthi yedijithali, ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekucwangciseni inkqubo yokwakha kunye nokuphucula intsebenziswano phakathi kwabachaphazelekayo kwiprojekthi.
Njengoko iiprojekthi zokwakha iibhulorho ziqhubeka nokutshintsha, imfuno yezixhobo ezintsha nezixhobo iyanda. Abavelisi kunye nababoneleli kwishishini lokwakha bahlala bephuhlisa izisombululo ezintsha ukuhlangabezana nemingeni yokwakhiwa kweebhulorho zanamhlanje. Ukusuka kwizixhobo eziphambili kunye neendlela zokwakha ukuya koomatshini nezixhobo zanamhlanje, ikamva lokwakhiwa kweebhulorho liqhutywa bubuchule kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji.
Ukuqukumbela, ukwakha ibhulorho kufuna uluhlu olwahlukeneyo lwezixhobo nezixhobo, ukusuka kwiikhreyini ezinzima ukuya kwizixhobo zokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo. Abavelisi beekhreyini ze-gantry eziqalisiweyo kunye nababoneleli beekhreyini ze-beam launcher badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuboneleleni ngezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezifunekayo ekwakheni ibhulorho ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kunye nezixhobo zamva nje, iingcali zokwakha zinokoyisa ubunzima bokwakhiwa kwebhulorho kwaye zibonelele ngeziseko zophuhliso ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ezihlangabezana neemfuno zehlabathi lanamhlanje.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-27-2024